Microft

Microft Use your browser back button to go back to the search results. Click here to return to the home page. MICROSOFT Corporation Case Analysis Word Count: 6270 words. Subject area: Business Studies : Management Introduction Microsoft, the world's largest designer of software languages and application for personal computers, was started in July 1975 when William Gates and Paul Allen formed a partnership with the mission of developing computer languages for Altair and other microcomputer companies. The name Microsoft was created from a contraction of the word "microcomputer" and "software". The first operation is headquartered in Seattle and the first language that the company produced is Microsoft BASIC, which was followed by Disk BASIC. Gates diligently helped convince corporation of the nascent microcomputer industry's viability that help the Microsoft got its first contracts with Fortune 500 firms like General Electric, Citicorp, and National Cash Register that signed a contract in 1976 .Microsoft and FlickrIn 1977 and 1978, Microsoft released FORTRAN and COBOL programming languages respectively. These two languages were written for the control program for microcomputer, or CP/M operating system, one of many available in the unstandardized microcomputer market. Fortunately for Microsoft, a number of firms, including Sirius, Zenith, and Sharp, chose CP/M as the operating system for their new computers. As a result, Microsoft became the leading distributor for microcomputer languages. The modern PC era dawned in 1980 when IBM chose Microsoft to write the operating system for its new machines. Microsoft was contracted by IBM to write a BASIC program for IBM's 8 bit memory and to furnish several other languages, such as Pascal, FORTRAN, and COBOL for IBM's machine that is based on Intel 8086 chip. In order to do that, Microsoft had to gain access to Digital Research's CP/M operating system, which they failed to do that.

State-by-State Listing of Vital Records Available Online

State-by-State Listing of Vital Records Available Online Search indexed vital records online or browse actual digitized images of certificates of birth, death and marriage online. This listing directs you to vital records online for the United States, organized by state. The majority of these online vital records can be accessed for free. Those that require a fee to search or view are clearly indicated. Alabama Alabama Death Records, 1908-1974 FreeA free name index to death certificates from the state of Alabama. Extracted information includes (where available) full birth and death date, place of birth and death, parents names, spouses name and occupation. Arizona Arizona Genealogy Birth and Death Certificates, 1844-1964Â  FreeSearch public birth certificates (1855-1933) and public death certificates (1844-1958) from the state of Arizona. This free vital records resource from Arizona Department of Health Services includes PDF images of the actual certificates. Western States Marriage Records Index FreeThis growing database includes names and other information extracted from mostly pre-1900 marriage records in several western states, including quite a few from Arizona. More recent marriage records (as late as 1950s) are also included for several Arizona counties. California Western States Marriage Records Index FreeThis growing database includes names and other information extracted from mostly pre-1900 marriage records in several western states, including California - most notably the counties of Kern, Santa Barbara and Santa Clara. More recent marriage records are also included for several California counties. Colorado Western States Marriage Records Index FreeThis growing database includes names and other information extracted from 19th and 20th century marriage records in several western states, including a little over 5,000 records from Colorado. The majority of the included Colorado records are from Gilpin and Douglas counties. Delaware Delaware State Birth Records, 1861-1908 FreeSearchable name index and images of Delaware birth records, including delayed birth records, free from FamilySearch. Florida Florida Deaths, 1877-1939 FreeFree name index of Florida death records created by Florida Department of Health and Vital Statistics. Extracted information in this database includes (where available) full birth and death date, place of birth and death, parents names, spouses name, occupation, and date and place of burial. Georgia Georgia Death Records, 1914-1927 FreeThe Georgia State Archives has online digitized copies of death certificates issued by the state of Georgia between 1919 and 1927. There are also a number of certificates from 1914-1918, with the bulk dating from 1917 and 1918. Idaho Idaho Death Certificates, 1911-1937 FreeFree name index to death certificates from the state of Idaho includes most information found on the original certificates including (where available) full birth and death date, place of birth and death, parents names, spouses name, occupation, and date and place of burial. From FamilySearch. Western States Marriage Records Index FreeThis growing database includes names and other information extracted from 19th and 20th century marriage records in several western states, including over 180,000 marriage records from the state of Idaho. Illinois Cook County Birth Certificates, 1878-1922 FreeFamilySearch offers indexes and images of certificates of birth as recorded at Cook County, Illinois - including the City of Chicago. Collection still being digitized and placed online and currently includes only years 1878-1915. Cook County Birth Registers, 1871-1915 FreeName index and images of birth registers as recorded at Cook County, Illinois - including the City of Chicago, online at FamilySearch. Collection currently includes years 1871-1879, 1906-June 1907, and July 1908-1915. Cook County Marriage Records, 1871-1920 FreeSearch or browse name index and images of marriage licenses and returns recorded in Cook County, Illinois, including the City of Chicago, online at FamilySearch. Illinois Statewide Marriage Index, 1763-1900 FreeThe Illinois State Archives and the Illinois State Genealogical Society offer this free searchable index online. Available information includes the full name of both parties, date and county of marriage, a nd the Vol. and page number, and/or the license number for the marriage record. Cook County Clerks Office - Birth Certificates, Marriage Licenses and Death Certificates Search is free. Payment required to view digital certificates.The Cook County Clerks Office hosts this pay-per-view Web site to access their birth certificates (75 years or older), marriage licenses (50 years or older) and death certificates (20 years or older). Searches are free. Payment is required to view digital copies of the actual certificates. Covers Cook County and the City of Chicago. Indiana Indiana Marriages, 1911-1959 FreeIndexed in partnership with the Indiana Genealogical Society, this free online name index includes details taken from marriage returns and licenses for the counties of Adams, Blackford, Decatur, Franklin, Henry, Huntington, Owen, Rush, and Sullivan. Kentucky Kentucky Death Certificates and Records, 1852-1953 Paid Ancestry.com subscription requiredThis Ancestry.com collection includes the Kentucky Death Index 1911-2000, plus digitized Kentucky death certificates from 1911-1953. Earlier death records including mortuary records, registers of death and return of death are also available for many counties.Kentucky Birth Index 1911-1999 Paid Ancestry.com subscription requiredAn index to births recorded in the U.S. state of Kentucky between 1911 and 1999, including the following information: name, gender, race, birth date, birthplace, and parents names.Kentucky Marriage Index 1973-1999 FreeAn index to about 2.3 million individuals who were married in Kentucky between 1973 and 1999 from the University of Kentucky. Also included are a Kentucky Death Index 1911-1992 and Kentucky Divorce Index 1973-1993Kentucky Vital Records Project FreeThis free resource includes the statewide Kentucky Death Index, plus approximately 250,000 digitized Kentucky dea th certificates from the twentieth century. Louisiana Louisiana Deaths, 1850-1875; 1894-1954 FreeThis free name index to Louisiana Deaths from FamilySearch includes statewide death records for all parishes for 1911-1954. Earlier death records available only for Jefferson Parish, 1850-1875 and 1905-1921. Maine Maine Marriage Index FreeThe Maine State Archives features this searchable online Marriage Index covering the years 1892 to 1996.Maine Death Index FreeA searchable online Death Index covering the years 1960 to 1996 from the Maine State Archives. Massachusetts Massachusetts Death Records, 1841-1915 FreeA free name index and digitized images of Massachusetts statewide death registers and certificates from FamilySearch.Massachusetts Vital Records, 1841-1910 Requires paid membership to NEHGSA name index and digitized images of Massachusetts statewide birth, death and marriage registers and certificates from the New England Historic Genealogical Society (NEHGS). Not all record images yet online, but those that are not can be ordered from NEHGS for a small fee.Massachusetts Vital Records, 1911-1915 Requires paid membership to NEHGSA name index and digitized images of Massachusetts statewide birth, death and marriage registers and certificates from the New England Historic Genealogical Society (NEHGS). Births currently completed, marriages complete through 1914 and deaths still to be added in the future. Michigan Michigan Death Records, 1897-1920 FreeThe Seeking Michigan collection from the Library of Michigan features nearly 1 million digital images of death certificates online for free searching and viewing. Use the Search Digital Archive box at the top of this page to search this and other Seeking Michigan collections.Michigan Deaths, 1867-1897 FreeA free name index and digitized images of Michigan statewide death registration entries from FamilySearch.Michigan Births, 1867-1902 FreeA free name index and digitized images of Michigan statewide birth registration entries from FamilySearch.Michigan Marriages, 1867-1902 FreeA free name index and digitized images of marriages recorded in the state of Michigan from FamilySearch. Minnesota Minnesota Death Certificates Index FreeThe Minnesota Historical Society has a great online index to Minnesota death records from death cards from 1904 to 1907 and death certificates from 1908 to 2001.Minnesota Birth Certificates Index FreeA free index to Minnesota birth records from 1900-1934, and selected records from pre-1900 from te Minnesota Historical Society.Minnesota Official Marriage System FreeFree searchable index to marriage certificates from 87 participating Minnesota counties. Most marriage records date back to the 1860s, although some counties have them back to the early 1800s. Index links take you to an easy order form for purchasing a copy of the marriage certificate. Missouri Missouri Death Certificates, 1910-1958 FreeThe Missouri State Archives steps up with this free index and digital images to statewide Missouri death certificates from 1910-1958. New Hampshire New Hampshire Birth Records, Early to 1900 FreeFamilySearch has online a free index and digital images of early New Hampshire birth records to 1900. New Mexico New Mexico Death Records, 1889-1945 FreeFamilySearch has online a free name index to death certificates and records of death from the state of New Mexico. Available information (where provided) includes full name, date and place of birth and death, spouse and/or parents names, occupation and date/place of burial. North Carolina North Carolina Deaths, 1906-1930 FreeFamilySearch features a free name index and digital images of death certificates recorded in the state of North Carolina Ohio Ohio Deaths, 1908-1953 FreeA free name index and digital images of Ohio statewide death certificates from FamilySearch. Pennsylvania Philadelphia City Death Certificates, 1803-1915 FreeThis free online collection from FamilySearch includes a variety of digitized death records, depending on the time period: death certificates, returns of death, and even undertaker transit permits.Philadelphia Marriage Indexes, 1885-1951 FreeDigital marriage indexes online at FamilySearch are arranged by the names of brides and grooms with the year of marriage and license number. Fully searchable. Rhode Island Rhode Island Births Christenings, 1600–1914 FreeA partial name index to birth, baptism, and christening records from Rhode Island, compiled from a variety of sources. FamilySearch.org offers coverage details, including how many records are included by location and time period.Rhode Island Deaths Burials, 1802–1950 FreeA partial name index to death and burial records from the state of Rhode Island. Most of the records extracted in this database of 840,000 names include source information. FamilySearch includes information on coverage details in this article, with details on included records by time period and locality.Rhode Island Marriages, 1724–1916 FreeA partial name index to birth, baptism, and christening records from Rhode Island, compiled from a variety of sources. Scroll down in this article on FamilySearch.org for coverage details, including how many records are included by location and time period. South Carolina South Carolina Deaths, 1915–1943FamilySearch hosts this free online collection of digitized S.C. death certificates from the South Carolina Department of Archives and History. Records are arranged by year and alphabetically by locality, and a searchable name index is also available.South Carolina Death Records, 1822–1955 Paid Ancestry.com subscription requiredThis searchable database plus digital images includes statewide death certificates, 1915-1955; Charleston City death records, 1821-1914; Spartanburg City death records, 1895-1897 and 1903-1914; and Union City death records, 1900 and 1913-1914.South Carolina Delayed Births, 1766–1900 Paid Ancestry.com subscription requiredThis partial database of delayed South Carolina birth certificates (includes digitized images) contains approximately 25,000 birth returns for the city of Charleston, South Carolina from the years 1877-1901, and approximately 55,000 delayed applications for birth certificates from throughout the state, covering the years 1766-1900. South Dakota South Dakota Birth Records Over 100 Years Old FreeMore than 225,000 South Dakota births are searchable in this free online database of birth records from the South Dakota Department of Health, including many delayed birth certificates issued for people born before statewide registration began in 1905.South Dakota Death Index, 1905–1955 Paid Ancestry.com subscription requiredThis index to deaths that occurred in South Dakota between 1905 and 1955 contains the death certificate number, name of deceased, county or county code, and date of death. Tennessee Tennessee Death Records, 1914–1955 FreeFamilySearch hosts this free searchable database, plus digitized images, of Tennessee death certificates from the beginning of statewide registration in 1914.Tennessee County Marriages, 1790–1950 FreeSearch and/or browse images of marriage registers, marriage licenses, marriage bonds, and marriage certificates acquired from local Tennessee county courthouses. This growing collection on FamilySearch is not yet complete browse the records to see what is currently available by county. Texas Texas Deaths, 1890–1976 FreeAlmost 9 million digitized records are included in this free collection of Texas statewide death certificates- including delayed certificates, foreign deaths, and probate obituaries- from the Texas Department of State Health Services in Austin, and hosted online by FamilySearch.org.Texas Deaths, 1977–1986 FreeImages of Texas statewide death certificates, including delayed certificates, are available online in this free FamilySearch.org collection, from the Texas Department of State Health Services. For a list of records by dates and localities currently published in this collection, select the browse feature. Utah Utah Death Certificate Index, 1904–1961 FreeThe Utah Division of Archives Records Service hosts free downloadable images of Utah death certificates for the period 1904 to 1960; 1961 is also available as browsable images, but not yet indexed.Salt Lake County Death Records, 1908-1949 FreeA free name index and images for Salt Lake County death records from 1908-1949 from FamilySearch. Also included are a few deaths occurring before 1908 where the remains were re-interred between 1908 and 1949.Utah Death Registers, 1847–1966 Paid Ancestry.com subscription required.This collection of images and index includes deaths that occurred in Utah between 1905 and 1951, Utah death registers for 1898–1905 (the dates vary slightly by county, and Grand County includes records for 1961–1966), and interment records for Salt Lake City, 1848–1933. Vermont Vermont Vital Records, 1760–1954 FreeName index and images (index cards) of town clerk transcriptions of births, marriages and deaths in Vermont through 1954. Indexing is ongoing, and additional records from 1955–2008 will be added to the collection as they are completed.Vermont Death Records, 1909-2008 Paid Ancestry.com subscription requiredName index and images of death certificates and amended death certificates issued in Vermont from 1955–2008. Virginia Death Indexing - Virginia FreeA fully-searchable index to Virginia city and county death registers compiled 1853-1896, part of an on-going project sponsored by the Virginia Genealogical Society. Fifteen cities and counties have been indexed to date.Virginia Births and Christenings, 1853-1917 FreeAlmost 2 million names can be searched in this name index to birth, baptism and christening records from the state of Virginia. Online at FamilySearch.org. Washington Washington State Archives - Birth Records, 1891–1907 FreeThe Washington State Archives has begun to digitize the birth records in their collections and make them available online for free. Available birth records cover the period 1891–1907 (birth records after 1907 are not open to the public) for most counties.Washington State Archives - Death Records, 1891–1907 FreeThe Washington State Archives has begun to digitize the available death records in their collections and put them online for free. Available death records cover the period 1891–1907. Post-1907 death records in Washington are not open to the public for research.Washington State Archives - Marriage Records, 1866-2002 FreeThese online marriage records include indexed, digitized images created by the Washington State Archives in a project to make the entire marriage series available from the beginning of marriage record keeping in 1866. The more current index records (approximately 1995 forward) ar e updated by partner Auditors on a periodic basis and may not include images. West Virginia West Virginia Vital Records Research Project FreeOne of the first states to start making vital records available online, West Virginia hosts indexes and images to birth and death records dating back to about 1853, and marriage records dating back to county formations. Records and time periods available vary by county. Wisconsin Wisconsin Genealogy Index FreeSearch for pre-1907 Vital Records, including birth, death, and marriage records, in this free online database of the Wisconsin Historical Society. Wyoming Wyoming Marriages, 1877-1920 FreeA free name index to approximately 14,000 marriage records from the state of Wyoming online at FamilySearch.org.

Comment each essay alone by itself Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Comment each alone by itself - Essay Example The section "benefits of knowing your cash position" does not clearly highlight the benefits. It only gives the three main areas of a cash flow statement. Although these areas do indirectly highlight the benefits of knowing your cash position, perhaps mentioning a few other benefits would have added further clarity. The following benefit, for instance, could have been added: Companies that know their cash position well are in a much better situation to provide their stakeholders with better information that they need to assess the financial well being of the company. This in turn maybe important when a company is trying to obtain a loan and needs to provide its cash position to the lender. Similarly, other stakeholders such as investors, stockholders, customers, etc. may also require this information. No example is mentioned when explaining the third area of the cash flow statement: Cash from financing activities. The Microsoft example should be extended to clarify this section of the cash flow statement as well. This essay does not completely explain how cash is the life blood of any business. The importance of cash and preparing cash flow statements has only been inadequately explained in the beginning. The word "life-blood" has not been emphasized. In other words, the writer has only explained how cash can aid businesses and help different forms of business better predict their cash needs and perform their tasks well. However, the writer has failed to illustrate that before helping businesses, more important is the fact that cash is a necessity- a source of survival for businesses and they not only need cash to help them do their tasks better but they need cash to survive-it's a "have cash or die" situation. I believe highlighting this point is essential considering the topic of this essay requires an explanation of how cash is the life blood of any business. The conclusion only mentions the importance of cash flow statements and not cash in general even though the tag line of the topic only mentions cash. There is no mention of cash flow statement in the tag line. Although cash flow statements ultimately boil down to the importance of cash, mentioning the importance of cash in general and not specifically cash flow statements would have been more appropriate.Essay 3 (Nadrah): Although the essay starts with a quotation, the writer directly jumps off to explaining cash flow statements. Perhaps explaining one or two lines about the importance of cash in general and cash being the life blood of any business would have been more appropriate. The essay mentions a very strong point: " all the three statements above, when integrated, are required to make and support interrelated financial decisions." This point has been explained and elaborated extremely well and could not have been done with any more perfection. There are some concepts that have not been explained too well. Consider, for instance, the concept of free cash flow hypothesis. The writer only states that "According to the free cash flow hypothesis, managers may choose to expand operations because their incentives are not aligned with firm value maximization." This explanation is not by itself

Marketing to a Developing Country Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Marketing to a Developing Country - Essay Example It is estimated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) that in 2013 the country will exhibit a growth of about 7.8% in its Gross Domestic Product. The growth rate of the country is significantly slowing down in the last 13 years because of the new believe of the policy makers. The policy makers in China now believe to have to sustained growth other than simply having a volatile high growth rate (Gordin, 2011). The country has adopted a new economic model that primarily intends to expand the sectors like consumption, service and innovation. Toys played by the children are luxury goods in nature. It is empirically true that the growing yield of per Capita income level will increase the purchasing power of the big strength of the Chinese population. The country had a strong socialistic economy, over the last few years the nation has adopted liberalization in free market principles. The state attempts to increase its consumption activities from 35% of its GDP to 50% from 2010 to 2015 ( Buyusainfo, 2013).Thus precisely if a business owner intends to spread business internationally for the first time then the growing market of China can be a good starting point. China is a labor surplus economy so it would be easier for the business firm to expand its business with cheap waged laborers. Furthermore the country is expanding over its level of domestic consumption. The Chinese toy market is wide and competitive, thus first starting a business in China will make the firm more competitive. 2. Determine aspects of your business’ product that you may have to change in order to accommodate the selected foreign country’s needs (packaging, advertising, etc.). China is a country which is known all over the world for its rapid technological development. Chinese Toy’s and electronic goods are well known in the market for electronic gadgets. Thus a newly entering business of toys in the Chinese market should strategically plan its packaging, advertising and p romotion in the market. When it comes to packaging the company must make ecological friendly packages for the toys. The product packaging must be attractive and colorful that it becomes catchy in the eyes of young children. The bright outlook of the packages must attract the children. The company in order to promote the sales of the toys must keep the provision of product trials. Children being able to play with the toys once would surely desire to buy them. The company should try to efficiently allocate its resources to spend a considerable amount on advertisements. Attractive advertisements in television would promote the sales of the toys. The company should adopt the policy of penetrating pricing. The price of the toys at the beginning must be lower than the prices set by the potential rivals in the market. Once the company achieves brand loyalty and trust from the consumers of China they can profitably increase the prices of the toys. Toys are luxury goods and people do intend to pay a lot for them (Som, 2013). 3. Create a plan that identifies emerging markets that you would like for your business to enter into overtime. The business that newly desires to international trade should always try to emerge its fame in the growing economies of the world. This is because in the growing economies per Capita income levels of the buyers increases rapidly. Indeed, if the purchasing power of commoners increases then it would become more likely for them to turn

Software Patent and Copyright Laws in India :: Technology Computers Essays

Software Patent and Copyright Laws in India This Midterm Paper investigates the Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), primarily Copyrights and Patents in India. The Paper performs a Legal as well as Ethical Analysis of the Indian IPR Laws. It recommends improvements; especially regarding Global Issues related to Software Patents and IPR over the Net by substantiating evidence from the Embassy of India Policy Statements and from a reputed magazine in India, called India Today. The author fully acknowledges citations from all the references. Intellectual Property Rights in India There is a well-established statutory, administrative and judicial framework to safeguard intellectual property rights in India, whether they relate to patents, trademarks, copyright or industrial designs. Well-known international trademarks have been protected in India even when they were not registered in India. The Indian Trademarks Law has been extended through court decisions to service marks in addition to trademarks for goods. Computer software companies have successfully curtailed piracy through court orders. Computer databases have been protected. The courts, under the doctrine of breach of confidentiality, accorded an extensive protection of trade secrets. Right to privacy, which is not protected even in some developed countries, has been recognized in India. [1] Protection of intellectual property rights in India continues to be strengthened further. The year 1999 witnessed the consideration and passage of major legislation with regard to protection of intellectual property rights in harmony with international practices and in compliance with India's obligations under TRIPS. As regards the aspect enforcement, Indian enforcement agencies are now working very effectively and there has been a notable decline in the levels of piracy in India. In addition to intensifying raids against copyright infringers, the Government has taken a number of measures to strengthen the enforcement of copyright law. Special cells for copyright enforcement have been set up in 23 States and Union Territories. In addition, for collective administration of copyright, copyright societies have been set up for different classes of works. Copyright Protection in India India has one of the most modern copyright protection laws in the world. Major development in the area of copyright during 1999 was the amendment to the Copyright Act of 1957 to make it fully compatible with the provisions of the TRIPS Agreement. Called the Copyright (Amendment) Act, 1999, this amendment was signed by the President of India on December 30, 1999 and came into force on January 15, 2000. The earlier 1994 amendment to the Copyright Act of 1957 had provided protection to all original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works, cinematography, films and sound recordings.

There is not one word apt final

Shakespeare uses the antics of Oberon and Puck at the forefront of this comedy, using the â€Å"juice† to make everyone fall in love, however they err due to their arrogance as Oberon vaguely describes Demerits by â€Å"by the Athenian garments he hath on†. The iambic meter indicates these characters are powerful, yet their actions are unintelligent: the concept of incompetent leadership is a humorous stereotype, frequently used in dramatic comedy. Here, however, the joke is mocking power, or rather who we give power to, as Shakespeare portrays Oberon as using his power recklessly.The reason Oberon and Puck start squeezing the juice on the lovers is that the character overheard â€Å"A sweet Athenian girl† and a â€Å"disdainful youth†, and so, in the guise of trying to help them, he creates havoc. Boron's aid, however, is a facade: he only desires control; he knows that Demerits doesn't love Helena back, and so he interferes. This attitude reflects that o f the Queen's court: as Louis Monitors puts it, â€Å"Queen Elizabeth Xi's marital status and her sexual condition were matters of the state†, reflected when Oberon plans to put the juice on Titanic so that she â€Å"renders [her] page† to him.Oberon and Puck, therefore, are shown as metaphors for the male Elizabethan state where the men knew everything about the Queen and tried to control her in order to fulfill their interests: they tried to force her into getting married, and reproducing in order for the country to have an heir, just as Oberon tried to force Titanic to change her mind when she defies him saying â€Å"the fairy land buys not the child off me†.Ultimately, despite Titanic's rebellion, â€Å"she straight away gave† the changeling child to Oberon because he manipulates her with he juice, rendering her love an â€Å"ass†; this is comedic, especially when the character awakens and worries about being â€Å"enamored† to an  "assn. The fact that it was the â€Å"fairy queen† to whom this occurred is significant as this term was often a metaphorical reference to Queen Elizabeth in Renaissance literature.The juice is symbolic of ultimate patriarchal power; however, in reality there is no juice to make the Queen yield and produce an heir for the State. Shakespeare therefore is mocking State power as they can never obtain their desires because for once there was a ruler who resisted male authority. The state also is shown through Oberon and this reference to an â€Å"ass† may actually be a reference to Oberon- whom is the one who has acted truly the â€Å"ass† and has Titanic's love- and so the state itself.This male lust for power in seen, moreover, in the disorder at the start of the play in Shakespearean portrayal of the relationship between Hermit and Segues in regard to her choice of husband. Segues believes â€Å"this hath bewitched the bosom of my daughter†; Shakespeare re fers to Alexander here as â€Å"this†, dehumidifying the character and therefore highlighting the Segues has towards Alexander. Segues wants to â€Å"dispose† of his daughter â€Å"to her death† because she chooses someone other than who he wants: a seeming betrayal.Segues' parental constraint mirrors the expectations Elizabethan parents had for their children, leading to the 1 753 The Hardwired Act which invalidated any marriages of people under 21 or if parental/ guardian consent was not granted; 1 753 was after the play was written demonstrating the dangerous legacy patriarchal Elizabethan England left. Segues also does not refer to Hemi by name through this passage, instead only using pronouns such as her†, yet, the men are named twice in it.This highlights the misogyny as the men, unlike Women, are worthy of name- even Alexander who Was previously simply a ‘this†. The namelessness inflicted on Hermit reflects the fact that before the 1 7th century married females had no second enamel , emphasizing the fact that she was lower than men and just a possession of either her husband or father, as seen as Segues claims â€Å"[Hermit] is mine†. Moreover, the idea of a Helena, a love-struck teenager, following her love who has rejected her is funny, until Demerits threatens to â€Å"do thee mischief n the woods†.The imperative highlights how threatening this character is, and therefore- because Demerits represents a sort of â€Å"Everyman†- is symbolic of the threatening nature of man, a nature also seen in the forcefulness of Oberon. This scene takes place on the outskirts of the â€Å"green world† (the forest) and so in a limbo between reality, sensuality and disorder; we don't know what is possible here therefore making Demerits even more dangerous and thus amplifying the danger of his, and every man's, authority in this world, as we can see by Boron's greater power. This scene betweenDemerits a nd Helena also emphasizes inequality; he threatens this terrible act because a female character is stalking him for love, while he does the same to another. This is ironic and paradoxical, making us question the attitudes Demerits represents; it would appear that it is fine for a bold man to stalk someone because they are- as Dorothy Leigh says- â€Å"amongst the wise†, while when a woman is strong other women ‘Will blush at [their] boldness†2. The motif of rape appears symbolically when Oberon plans to manipulate Demerits, Alexander and Titanic â€Å"when [they are] asleep†: at the eight vulnerability and exposure.Oberon attacks them with the juice, thus taking away their will and dignity, in its place leaving distress- as a rape would do. In this case, Boron's metaphorical actions are tearing apart the â€Å"double cherry† of Hermit and Helena, striping their symbolic sisterhood to a â€Å"union in partition†. However, this violent authority was not uncommon in the 17th century, and neither was it a crime that was prosecuted. It was a popular attitude that women were objects of beauty and obedience, as shown in Dry Faustus.Faustus just wants a â€Å"where† wife, or an illusion of Helen of Troy, neither of whom had free will, and although these two plays are of opposite genres, the aggression towards women is seen in both. This shows how it is not only the genre of dramatic comedy, but renaissance theatre in general which holds a mirror to the darker issues of the day. Misogyny is further seen at the start of the play where Theses claims to have â€Å"won thy heart doing [Happily] injury', the connotations here of violence reflect the patriarchal period of the play.This is emphasizes because Theses took Happily from a injunction matriarchal Amazonian culture to one where she is objectified as nothing more than a prize (coven thy†¦ â€Å") – implying that this â€Å"love† between them is not w hat it appeared to be, but is actually another example of male control. As Alison Plowmen explains, â€Å"nobody had any objections to love as long as the price was right†; Theses will gain status and the potential for an heir. Contrastingly, Happily loses her independence and Persephone, thus foregrounding the both the literal and symbolic battle of the sexes throughout the play due to the male coercion.

Chinas Grand Canal

The largest canal in the world, the Grand Canal of China, wends its way through four provinces, beginning at Beijing and ending at Hangzhou.   It ties together two of the greatest rivers in the world - the Yangtze River and the Yellow River - as well as smaller waterways such as the Hai River, the Qiantang River, and the Huai River. History of The Grand Canal Just as impressive as its incredible size, however, is the Grand Canals remarkable age. The first section of the canal likely dates back to the 6th century BCE, although Chinese historian Sima Qian claimed that it went back 1,500 years earlier than that to the time of the legendary Yu the Great of the Xia Dynasty.   In any case, the earliest section links the Yellow River to the Si and Bian Rivers in Henan Province.   It is known poetically as the Canal of the Flying Geese, or more prosaically as Far-Flung Canal. Another early section of the Grand Canal was created under the direction of King Fuchai of Wu, who ruled from 495 to 473 BCE.   This early portion is known as the Han Gou, or Han Conduit, and connects the Yangtze River with the Huai River. Fuchais reign coincides with the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and the beginning of the Warring States period, which would seem to be an inauspicious time to take on such a huge project. However, despite the political turmoil, that era saw the creation of several major irrigation and waterworks projects, including the Dujiangyan Irrigation System in Sichuan, the Zhengguo Canal in Shaanxi Province, and the Lingqu Canal in Guangxi Province. The Grand Canal itself was combined into one great waterway during the reign of the Sui Dynasty, 581 - 618 CE.   In its finished state, the Grand Canal stretches 1,104 miles (1,776 kilometers) and runs north to south roughly parallel to the east coast of China.   The Sui used the labor of 5 million of their subjects, both men and women, to dig the canal, finishing work in 605 CE. The Sui rulers sought to connect northern and southern China directly so that they could ship grain between the two regions.   This helped them to overcome local crop failures and famine, as well as supplying their armies that were stationed far from their southern bases.   The path along the canal also served as an imperial highway, and post offices set all along the way served the imperial courier system. By the Tang Dynasty era (618 - 907 CE), more than 150,000 tons of grain traveled the Grand Canal annually, most of it tax payments from southern peasants moving to the capital cities of the north.   However, the Grand Canal could pose a danger as well as a benefit to the people who lived beside it.   In the year 858, a terrible flood spilled into the canal, and drowned thousands of acres across the North China Plain, killing tens of thousands.   This catastrophe represented a huge blow to the Tang, already weakened by the An Shi Rebellion.   The flooding canal seemed to suggest that the Tang Dynasty had lost the Mandate of Heaven, and needed to be replaced. To prevent the grain barges from running aground (and then being robbed of their tax grain by local bandits), the Song Dynasty  assistant commissioner of transport Qiao Weiyue invented the worlds first system of pound locks.   These devices would raise the level of the water in a section of the canal, to safely float barges past obstacles in the canal. During the Jin-Song Wars, the Song dynasty in 1128 destroyed part of the Grand Canal to block the Jin militarys advance.   The canal was only repaired in the 1280s by the Mongol Yuan Dynasty, which moved the capital to Beijing and shortened the total length of the canal by about 450 miles (700 km). Both the Ming (1368 - 1644) and the Qing (1644 - 1911) Dynasties maintained the Grand Canal in working order.   It took literally tens of thousands of laborers to keep the whole system dredged and functional each year; operating the grain barges required an additional 120,000 plus soldiers. In 1855, disaster struck the Grand Canal.   The Yellow River flooded and jumped its banks, changing its course and cutting itself off from the canal.   The waning power of the Qing Dynasty decided not to repair the damage, and the canal is still not entirely recovered.   However, the Peoples Republic of China, founded in 1949, has invested heavily in repairing and reconstructing damaged and neglected sections of the canal. The Grand Canal Today In 2014, UNESCO listed the Grand Canal of China as a World Heritage Site.   Although much of the historic canal is visible, and many sections are popular tourist destinations, currently only the portion between Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province and Jining, Shandong Province is navigable.   That is a distance of about 500 miles (800 kilometers).